INTRODUCTION
“The Upanishads represent the loftiest heights of ancient Indo-Aryan thought and culture.” “the final goal of wisdom”
“Because these teachings were usually given in the stillness of some distant retreat, where the noises of the world could not disturb the tranquility of the contemplative life, they are known also as Aranyakas, Forest Books.”
t a t
t w a m
a s i
“This oneness of Soul and God lies at the very root of all Vedic thought”
“The first introduction of the Upanishads to the Western world was through a translation into Persian made in the 17th century. More than a century later the distinguished French scholar, Anquetil Duperron, brought a copy of the manuscript from Persia to France and translated it into French and Latin, publishing only the Latin text. Despite the distortions which must have resulted from transmission through 2 alien languages, the light of the thought still shone with such brightness that it drew from Schopenhauer the fervent words: How entirely does the Oupnekhat breath throughout the holy spirit of the Vedas! How is everyone who by a diligent study of its Persian Latin has become familiar with that incomparable book, stirred by that spirit to the very depth of his Soul!”
“The acess to the Vedas by means of the Upanishads is in my eyes the greatest privilege which this still young century (1818) may claim before all previous centuries.”
“free from particulars, simple, universal”
Thoreau
“But a mere translation (…) is not sufficient to make the Up. accessible to the Occidental mind.”
“Modern words are round, ancient words are square, and we may as well hope to solve the quadrature of the circle as to express adequately the ancient thought of the Vedas in modern English.”
Max Müller
“W/o a commentary it is practically impossible to understand either the spirit or the meaning of the Up.”
“Until our mind is withdrawn from the varied distractions and agitations of worldly affairs, we cannot enter into the spirit of higher religious study.”
ISA-UPANISHAD
“Om! (…) from the Invisible Whole comes forth the visible whole. (…) the Whole remains unaltered.”
(*) “The indefinite term That is used in the Upanishads to designate the Invisible-Absolute, because no word or name can fully define It.”
“the phenomenal and the Absolute are inseparable. All existence is in the Absolute”
“Do not covet the wealth of any man.”
“As we gain the light of wisdom, we cease to cling to the unrealities of this world”
“He who is rich in the knowledge of the Self does not covet external power or possession.”
“If one should desire to live in this world 100 years, one should live performing karma (righteous deeds).”
right action (Karma-Nishta) Self-knowledge (Gnana-Nishta) (às vezes transcrito como inana ou iñaña.
“After leaving their bodies, they who have killed the Self [o Self, em maiúscula, é uma mesma identidade universal, diferente do ego individual, o Um] go the worlds of the As[h]uras, covered with blinding ignorance.”
(*) “The idea of rising to bright regions as a reward for well-doers, and of falling into realms of darkness as a punishment for evil-doers is common to all great religions. But Vedanta claims that this condition of heaven and hell is only temporary. Because our actions, being finite, can produce only a finite result.”
(*) “the immortal Soul cannot be destroyed, only obscured. (…) Those who serve the flesh and neglect the Atman or the real Self, are not able to perceive the effulgent and indestructible nature of the Soul (…) the only hell is absence of knowledge. (…) he who clings to the perishable body and regards it as his true Self must experience death many times.”
(*) “Grief and delusion rest upon a belief in diversity, which leads to competition and all forms of selfishness.”
“They fall into blind darkness who worship Avidya (ignorance and delusion); they fall, as it were, into greater darkness who worship Vidya (knowledge). [sabedoria mundana, não-sabia, em realidade, apenas acúmulo de dados]
By Vidya one end is attained; by Avidya, another. Thus we have heard from the wise men who taught this.”
“He who knows at the same time both Vidya and Avidya…”
Da hubris a queda é mais feia.
Não basta ter obras sem fé, nem fé sem obras.
“They fall into blind darkness who worship the Unmanifested [o que não existe, ou o Self de uma forma errada] and they fall into greater darkness who worship the manifested [mundo empírico].
By the worship of the Unmanifested one end is attained; by the worship of the manifested, another. Thus we have heard from the wise men who taught us this.
He who knows at the same time both the Unmanifested (the cause of manifestation) and the destructible or manifested, he crosses over death through knowledge of the destructible and attains immortality through knowledge of the First Cause (Unmanifested).”
(*) “The wise men declare that he who worships in a one-sided way, whether the visible or the invisible, does not reach the highest goal. Only he who has a co-ordinated understanding of both the visible and the invisible, of matter and spirit, of activity and that which is behind activity, conquers Nature and thus overcomes death. By work, by making the mind steady and by following the prescribed rules (…) a man gains wisdom. By the light of that wisdom he is able to perceive the Invisible Cause in all visible forms. Therefore the wise man sees Him in every manifested form. They who have a true conception of God are never separated from Him. They exist in Him and He in them.”
“The face of Truth is hidden by a golden disk. O Pushan [invisível]! Uncover Thy face, that I, the worshipper of Truth, may behold Thee.” Há um infinito de diferença entre devotos de qualquer coisa e devotos da Verdade. Este devoto é o investigador de Platão.
“O Pushan! O Sun, sole traveller of the heavens, controller of all, son of Prajapati, withdraw Thy rays and gather up Thy burning effulgence. Now through Thy Grace I behold Thy blessed and glorious form. [o invisível] The Purusha [=Pushan] who dwells within Thee, I am He.”
(*) “Here the sun, who is the giver of all light, is used as the symbol of the Infinite, giver of all wisdom.” Chave da transcendência. “…[in order] that his eyes, no longer blinded by them, may behold the Truth.” Agora compreende-se o Um. “…there is no difference [anymore] between himself and the Supreme Truth…”
“May my life-breath go to the all-pervading and immortal Prana, and let this body be burned to ashes. Om!” Três vezes a expressão “lembra-te”…
(*) “Seek not fleeting results as the reward of thy actions, O mind! Strive only for the Imperishable. This Mantram or text is often chanted at the hour of death to remind one of the perishable nature of the body and the eternal nature of the Soul.” Só precisa lembrar aquele que hesita. Todo estribilho é música. Removeram o que havia de musical do Novo Testamento. “A morte é como trocar de roupa.”
(*) “This Upanishad is called Isa-Vasya-Up., that which gives Brahma-Vidya or knowledge of the All-pervading Deity.” “Whatever we see (…) it is all That.” Manifesto contra a sabedoria fragmentária, ou melhor, o conhecimento fragmentário, a anti-sabedoria.
Quando Rafael está triste, quando Rafael está raivoso, deixa Rafael estar. Ele é Rafael, fenômeno e aparência. Ele não é Ele. Tu! Tu não és Rafael, lembra-te! Rafael é uma roupa cada vez mais gasta que vestes. Mas é ainda uma linda roupa, se precisas de alguma para o frio ou para o sol não te queimar! Tu estás triste porque és, também, Rafael, mas tu não estás na condição humana, porque estás sereno quando Rafael está visivelmente triste. Deixa Rafael com suas limitações, isto também é Brahman. Que ele se amargure, é possível; que te amargures com ele, isso não seria propício, se fôra sequer possível!
(*) “He alone can love. … birthless, deathless… untainted by sin and sorrow.” “Transcending death means realizing the difference between body and Soul and identifying oneself with the Soul.” Ler esse trecho com a máxima literalidade possível. Está no parágrafo com (*), significa que é do comentador. Não é o texto direto do Veda, que precisa ser interpretado. A interpretação exata foi entregue em vermelho.
(*) “we no longer identify our self with the body which dies and we do not die with the body.”
(*) “Self-knowledge has always been the theme of the Sages; and the Upanishads deal especially with the knowledge of the Self and also with the knowledge of God, because there is no difference”
(*) “That which comes out of the Infinite Whole must also be infinite; hence the Self is infinite.” Princípio ou axioma da transcendentalidade. Da Filosofia e da Religião Verdadeiras. Hoceanomem
KATHA-UPANISHAD
(O principal.)
(*) “The K.U. is probably the most widely known of all the U. It was early translated into Persian and through this rendering first made its way into Europe. Later Raja Ram Mohun Roy brought out an English version. It has since appeared in various languages (…) Sir Edwin Arnold popularized it by his metrical rendering under the name of The Secret of Death, and Ralph Waldo Emerson gives its story in brief at the close of his essay on Immortality.”
(*) “Some authorities declare it to belong to the Yajur-Veda, others to the Sama-Veda. The story [though] is first suggested in the Rig-Veda” O Upanishad perfeito e onipresente.
(*) “nor has any meaning been found for the name Katha.”
(A transcrição quase completa será dada em outro post em preparo para o Seclusão. Já há, no entanto, farto material interpretativo deste Upanishad no índice temático.)
(*) “his son Nachiketas, although probably a lad about 12 years of age, observed how worthless were the animals which his father was offering. His heart at once became filled with Shraddha. There is no English word which can convey the meaning of this Sanskrit term. It is more than mere faith. [Mais que salto da fé; mais que Kierkegaard; é o salto do Todo, que abole as contradições e restabelece o Um. É simplesmente O salto.]”
“As a boy of tender age, Nachi. had no right to question his father’s action; yet, impelled by the sudden awakening of his higher nature, he could not but reflect: ‘…If he has vowed to give all his possessions, then he must also give me….’”
Ele pede três vezes ao pai para ser incluído no sacrifício (dessa forma: A quem o senhor me dará?). A interpretação é que o pai se faz de surdo duas vezes. Tudo se desenrola implicitamente. O humano comum não pode resistir pela terceira vez. Mesmo arquétipo da negação de Pedro na bíblia. Excede as forças e a compreensão do indivíduo.
(*) “Although he realized that his father’s harsh reply was only the expression of a momentary outburst of anger; yet he believed that greater harm might befall his father, if his word was not kept. Therefore he sought to strengthen his father’s resolution by reminding him of the transitory condition of life.”
(*) “…but Yama was absent and the boy waited without food or drink for 3 days.” A Morte estava ausente e o garoto não comeu nem bebeu por três dias. Alegoria.
(*) “When Yama returned, therefore, one of the members of his household anxiously informed him of Nachi.’s presence and begged him to bring water to wash his feet, this being always the first service to an arriving guest.” Mesmo um deus lava os pés de um brâmane. Jesus Cristo lavou os pés de um ser humano comum; o que isto quer dizer? A pergunta é retórica.
(*) “Verses XVI-XVIII are regarded by many as an interpolation, which would account for certain obscurities and repetitions in them.” Mais uma lei ou axioma do transcendental, com referência ao livro sagrado: ele é o mais evidente que pode ser (ao menos em nível exotérico; seu esoterismo ou conteúdo não-manifesto é outra coisa), e o mais econômico nesta missão. Interpolações acontecem com qualquer material, é inevitável. O conteúdo ou a doutrina podem ser transcendentais, mas necessitam do suporte material e aparente como qualquer outra coisa a mais reles. São estes os versos apontados como inautênticos: “The great-souled Yama, being well pleased, said to him: [MORTE (YAMA)] I give thee now another boon. This fire shall be named after thee. Take also this garland of many colors. [com efeito não faz parte da versão que li alhures] / He who performs this Nachiketa fire-sacrifice 3 times, being united with the 3 (mother, father and teacher), and who fulfills the 3-fold duty (study of the Vedas, sacrifice and alms-giving) [o Veda verdadeiro prescinde da parte ritual] crosses over birth and death. Knowing this worshipful shining fire, born of Brahman, and realizing Him, he attains eternal peace. [Uma escolha ‘infeliz’ de palavra, se posso dizê-lo: estar-com-Brahman não quer dizer estar em eterna paz, que é a degeneração vulgar e cristã, <a pregação que quer ser ouvida pelos sofredores>, uma mentira.] / He who knows the 3-fold Nachiketa fire [repet. inecessária] and performs the Nach. fire-sacrifice with 3-fold knowledge, having cast off the fetters of death and being beyond grief, he rejoices in the realm of heaven. [nada acrescentou]”
(*) “‘Even wise men cannot understand it and thou art a mere lad. Take, rather, long life, wealth, whatever will give thee happiness on the mortal plane.’’” Todo ‘escolhido’ é severamente testado ou mesmo tentado (mais um arquétipo). Ademais, este trecho comprova que a afirmação anterior sobre felicidade eterna era uma interpolação. Às vezes a curiosidade ressuscita o gato egípcio!
(*) “There are many in the world who, puffed up with intellectual conceit, believe that they are capable of guiding others. But although they may possess a certain amount of worldly wisdom, they are devoid of deeper understanding; therefore all that they say merely increases doubt and confusion in the minds of those who hear them. Hence they are likened to blind men leading the blind.”
(*) “What is meant by realization? It means knowledge based on direct perception. In India often the best teachers have no learning, but their character is so shining that every one learns merely by coming in contact with them. (…) the conveying of spiritual teaching does not depend upon words only. It is the life … which counts. (…) but even with such a teacher, the knowledge of the Self cannot be gained unless the heart of the disciple is open and ready for the Truth.”
(*) “Only he who has been able to perceive the Self directly, through the unfoldment of his higher nature, can proclaim what It actually is” Somos herdeiros da significativa palavra Platão. “It is too subtle to be reached by argument.” Refutação direta de todas as escolas sofistas e de oratória. Até mesmo do método socrático sem algo a mais, em última instância. Não significa que Sócrates fosse um sofista: mas quase todos em seu lugar o seriam. É irrelevante se Sócrates seria o autor original da teoria das Idéias ou não: de todo modo, ele foi um bom professor para Platão.
(*) “The aspirant must first hear about the Truth from an enlightened teacher; (1) next he must reflect upon what he has heard; (2) then by constant practice of discrimination and meditation he realizes it (3)” A compreensão do princípio da reminiscência necessita de um gatilho externo, mas em todas as épocas e lugares há gatilhos eternos. Eu tive o meu professor. Um livro em especial.
(*) “What name can man give to God? (…) Yet it is very difficult for mortals to think or speak of anything without calling it by a definite name. Knowing this, the Sages gave to the Supreme the name A-U-M, which stands as the root of all language. The first letter ‘A’ is the mother-sound, being the natural sound uttered by every creature when the throat is opened, and no sound can be made without opening the throat. The last letter ‘M’, spoken by closing the lips, terminates all articulation. As one carries the sound from the throat to the lips, it passes through the sound ‘U’. These 3 sounds therefore cover the whole field of possible articulate sound. Their combination is called the Akshara or the imperishable word, the Sound-Brahman or the Word-God, because it is the most universal name which can be given to the Supreme. Hence it must be the word which was ‘in the beginning’ and corresponds to the logos of Christian theology. It is because of the all-embracing significance of this name that it is used so universally in the Vedic Scriptures to designate the Absolute.”
(*) “Although this Atman dwells in the heart of every living being, yet It is not perceived by ordinary mortals because of Its subtlety. It cannot be perceived by the senses; a finer spiritual sight is required. (…) It is subtler than the subtle, because It is the invisible essence of every thing”
(*) “The Brahmanas stand for spiritual strength, the Kshatriyas for physical strength, yet both are overpowered by His mightiness. Life and death alike are food for Him.”
(*) “The Seers of Truth, [nosso eu mais nobre, alto e mais perto do astro-rei, atemporal, o inconsciente] as well as householders who follow the path of rituals and outer forms with the hope of enjoying the fruits of their good deeds, [nosso eu mais plebeu, abaixado, soterrado mas não profundo, a quem é vedada a luz, na caverna, vítima da tirania absoluta do tempo, a consciência banal] both proclaim that the Higher Self is like a light and the lower self like a shadow. When the Truth shines clearly in the heart of the knower, then he surmounts the apparent duality of his nature and becomes convinced that there is but One, and that all outer manifestations are nothing but reflections or projections of that One.”
(*) “He is manifested as the Lord of sacrifice for those who follow the path of ritual. He is the unmanifested, eternal, universal Supreme Being for those who follow the path of wisdom. (…) It is believed by many that these 2 opening verses were a latter interpolation. [May we be able to learn that Nachiketa fire-sacrifice, / which is a bridge for those who perform sacrifice. – a vertente exotérica do hinduísmo foi uma criação póstuma à ‘revelação originária’.]”
(*) “Only through similes can some idea of It be conveyed. That is the reason why all the great Teachers of the world have so often taught in the form of parables. So here the Ruler of Death represents the Self as the lord of this chariot of the body. The intellect or discriminative faculty is the driver, [o passageiro é o senhor; o cocheiro é um mero intermediário] who controls this wild horses of the senses by holding firmly the reins of the mind. [ainda sendo um intermediário ‘reles’, comparado ao oceano primitivo dos instintos, representado pelos animais selvagens, este cocheiro é um domesticador] The roads in which these horses travel are made up of all the external objects which attract or repel the senses: [ainda esses cavalos, mesmo se deixados em seu puro instinto, são vida, superior ao inanimado, e ao mesmo tempo pressupondo-o: como haveria de haver vida sem a não-vida em suas imediações? mas o contrário ‘faz sentido’ em nossa abstração, porque o inanimado, a aparência, em sua significação, é já completo, nem sequer deseja ou caminha-para-algo; porém, numa segunda análise mais detida, o objeto sem sujeito não existe, porque um senhor sem súditos é inconcebível, é fora do natural; tampouco precede a vida, como diria Darwin, bem sabe a hermenêutica e a fenomenologia de a partir do fim do século XIX no Ocidente.] – the sense of smelling follows the path of sweet odors, the sense of seeing the way of beautiful sights. Thus each sense, unless restrained by the discriminative faculty, seeks to go out towards its special objects. [ao contrário das pedras, sempre iguais a si mesmas] When the Self is joined with body, mind and senses, It is called the intelligent enjoyer; because It is the one who wills, feels, perceives and does everything.”
(*) “A driver must possess first a thorough knowledge of the road; next he must understand how to handle the reins and control his horses. Then will he drive safely to his destination. (…) the abode” Isso é puro Heidegger.
(*) “Over the mind the determinative faculty exercises power; this determinative faculty is governed by the Individual Self; beyond this Self is the undifferentiated creative energy known as Avyaktam; [Este trecho me deixou confuso em minha primeira leitura do Katha: parecia espúrio; não sabia que a doutrina tinha um termo exato para tal ‘força indiferenciada’ – por um lado, traçaria um paralelo entre o Um ou Brahma[n] com a vontade de potência de Nietzsche; mas seguindo essa hierarquia, teríamos de mudar o avatar do Self e achar um outro nesta filosofia, porque a ‘vontade não-livre’ deste filósofo é ainda mais perfeita para tomar o lugar do termo Avyaktam; e é bastante provável que ele não tenha tido acesso a essa literatura, ou seja, chegou a esta noção de forma independente do seu conhecimento orientalista parcial.] and above this is the Purusha or Supreme Self. [Esse trecho é demasiado e desnecessariamente confuso – a introdução daquele primeiro Self como sinônimo de apenas um eu atômico, no contexto hindu, me parece supérflua ou precipitada. Além disso, o Avyaktam já guarda parentesco com a idéia do Ser Supremo o suficiente, também me parecendo dispensável (ou se retira o 1º termo ou o 2º termo nessa ‘cadeia improvisada de 3’).] Then there is nothing higher. [Auto-evidente.] That is the goal, the Highest Abode of Peace and Bliss.” Esse trecho, creio eu, foi malversado por dezenas de milhões de intérpretes por milênios, tendo se estabelecido um absurdo culto ao Nada por conta da expressão utilizada, de que no topo nada está, (não) está nada. E acredito mesmo que toda a doutrina do nirvana budista proceda desse mal-entendido metafísico tremendo. Nesta tradução: “…beyond the Purusha there is nothing. That is the end,…” O mesmo problema, como antecipei, acontece versos acima: “beyond the mind is the intellect…” Mente e intelecto tornam a metáfora da carroça do próprio non plus ultra do nobre (o próprio Sol) com um cocheiro e seus cavalos na estrada excessivamente complicada, e sobrepõem-se como qualificativos do mesmo objeto (o intelecto é a própria mente, tem a mesma hierarquia que a mente em relação aos sentidos e pulsões, está tudo coordenado por ela, é um dualismo que nada acrescenta à comunicação). Estes parágrafos IX e X da terceira parte do poema Katha não são bons.
(*) “Then the mind must be brought under the control of the discriminative faculty (…) The discriminative faculty in turn must be controlled by the higher individual intelligence and this must be governed wholly by the Supreme…” Faculdade que emana da própria mente. Tudo isto poderia ser evitado com um poema mais condensado! Não há qualquer base, tampouco, para mais uma enumeração irrelevante na segunda parte: é até mais que isso, é um contra-senso, porque a faculdade da discriminação já foi posta no parágrafo acima como superior ao intelecto! Volto a acreditar em algum tipo de interpolação de um poema original puro e objetivo; ou ao menos mantenho que esta passagem poderia ser muito melhor e mais clara. E, na verdade, após o esclarecimento sobre a morada, instância-termo, tudo o mais se torna apenas reiterativo e dispensável. Essa é uma lição que até o hinduísmo (escrita mais antiga expondo o transcendental), bem como nossos filósofos, precisam aprender: a economia da lição! Saber onde pôr o ponto final e começar o silêncio, princípio aliás bramânico (alguns diriam, wittgensteiniano!).
(*) “[Even so pure a]…boy had thought that there was a place where he could stay and become immortal. But Yama shows him that immortality is a state of consciousness and is not gained so long as man clings to name and form, or to perishable objects. What dies? Form. Therefore the formful man dies; but not that which dwells within. Although inconceivably subtle, the Sages have always made an effort through similes and analogies to give some idea of this inner Self or the God within. [E em alguns momentos, pelo que se vê, faltou-lhes tato e exageraram!] …too subtle for ordinary perception, but not beyond the range of purified vision.” Mas é um mito que detentores de uma percepção meramente ordinária possam desenvolver uma visão purificada, neste sentido transcendental. Segurem-se, que ainda falta a quarta e última seção do Katha! Minha decisão de não postar aqui o poema inteiro, só os comentários, acabou sendo a melhor possível.
(*) “But the wise, who see deeper into the nature of things, are no longer deluded by the charm of the phenomenal world and do not seek for permanent happiness among its passing enjoyments.”
(*) “‘He who knows Aditi, who rises with Prana (the Life Principle), existent in all the Devas; who, having entered into the heart, abides there; and who was born from the elements – this verily is That.’ § This verse is somewhat obscure and seems like an interpolated amplification of the preceding verse.”
(*) “Even physical science has come to recognize that cause and effect are but 2 aspects of one manifestation of energy. He who fails to see this, being engrossed in the visible only, goes from death to death; because he clings to external forms which are perishable.”
(*) “‘the size of a thumb.’ This refers really to the heart, which in shape may be likened to a thumb. [?]”
E eis que existe uma parte CINCO, que com certeza eu não li noutro livro-comentário dos Vedas, que talvez tenha considerado desimportante. Vou, desta forma, citar trechos se julgar necessário.
(*) “This human body is called a city with 11 gates, where the eternal unborn Spirit dwells. These gates are the 2 eyes, 2 ears, 2 nostrils, the mouth, the navel, the 2 lower apertures, and the imperceptible opening at the top of the head. The Self or Atman holds the position of ruler in this city”
“He is the guest dwelling in the house. He dwells in man. He dwells in those greater than man.” Morada. Aluguel. Hospedeiro. Proprietário.
“He it is who sends the Prana [como acima, <sopro vital>] upward and throws the breath downward.”
“When this Atman goes out of the body, what remains then? This is verily That.
No mortal lives by the incoming breath or by the outgoing breath (Apana, morte, exalação, expiração¹), but he lives by another on which these two depend.”
¹ Daquele que morre nós dizemos: expirou. Expirou seu prazo terreno.
(*) “The sun is called the eye of the world because it reveals all objects. As the sun may shine on the most impure objects, yet remain uncontaminated by it, so the Divine Self within is not touched by the impurity or suffering of the physical form in which it dwells, the Self being beyond all bodily limitations.”
“This is That. How am I to know It? Does It shine by Its own light or does It shine by reflected light?
(*) “the tree of creation [Samsara-Vriksha, árvore do mundo] (…) Heat and cold, pleasure and pain, birth and death, and all the shifting conditions of the mortal realm – these are the branches (…) There is nothing beyond [the roots of the world-tree].”
“From fear of Him the fire burns, from fear of Him the sun shines. From fear of Him Indra and Vayu and Death, the 5th, speed forth.
(*) (…) He is likened to an upraised thunderbolt, because of the impartial and inevitable nature of His law, which all powers great or small, must obey absolutely.”
(*) “As soon as a man acquires knowledge of the Supreme, he is liberated” Trecho polêmico. Há que definer “conhecimento” nesse sentido.
(*) “It is only be developing one’s highest consciousness here in this life that perfect God-vision can be attained.” Complemento bem-vindo, se entendermos que consciência e inconsciência já chegaram a um estágio indiferenciado.
(*) “…the restless mind and the intellect: all must be indrawn and quieted. The state of equilibrium thus attained is called the highest state, because all the forces of one’s being become united and focused; and this inevitably leads to supersensuous vision.”
“This firm holding back of the senses is what is known as YOGA. Then one should become watchful, for Yoga comes and goes.
(*) Yoga literally means to unite the lower self with the Higher Self, the object with the subject, the worshipper with God. (…) When this is accomplished through constant practice of concentration and meditation, the union takes place of its own accord. But it may be lost again, unless one is watchful.”
KENA-UPANISHAD
Kena: aquele que dirige.
(*) “Among the Up., it is one of the most analytical and metaphysical, its purpose being to lead the mind from the gross to the subtle, from effect to cause.”
* * *
Muito trabalho perdido graças à merda do computador da CAPES. Mas para retomar o recenseamento sem maiores frustrações devo dizer que em geral as páginas até esta não são muito importantes. Estamos agora no Mandaka-Up., último dos 4 traduzidos nesta obra.
* * *
“The sage said to him: There are 2 kinds of knowledge to be known, so are we told by the knowers of Brahman – higher knowledge and lower knowledge.
Lower knowledge consists of the Rig-Veda, Yajur-Veda, Sama-Veda, Atharva-Veda, phonetics, ceremonial, grammar, etymology, metre, astronomy. Higher knowledge is that by which the Imperishable is know.”
“KALI (dark), Karali (terrific), Manojava (swift as thought), Sulohita (very red), Sudhumravarna (deep purple), Sphulingini (sparkling) Viswaruchi (universal light) are the 7 flaming tongues of fire.”
“But all these sacrifices are inferior and ephemeral. The ignorant who regard them as the highest good and delight in them, again and again, come under the dominion of old age and death.”
OM! PEACE! PEACE! PEACE!
Seclusão Anagógica 