DIC:
to stride: cope with
MICHAEL WYSCHOGROD: Sartre, Freedom and the Unconscious
“Sartre is the first major existential philosopher who formulates explicit views on existential psychoanalysis. While much of Heidegger’s work can be interpreted as an implicit critique of Freudian analysis, Sartre explicitly contrasts his views with those of Freud, thereby moving into the forefront of the discussion around existential psychoanalysis.” “faithful to the Cartesian origins of French philosophy, he places the phenomenon of consciousness in the center of his thought to a much greater extent than Heidegger.”
“Where Heidegger had distinguished between the Dasein and the non-Dasein, between existentialities and categories, Sartre’s fundamental distinction is between being-in-itself and being-for-itself” Não continua sendo uma dicotomia fenômeno-essência essência-fenômeno?
“Basing himself on Husserl’s notion of intentionality, Sartre finds that all consciousness is consciousness of something.”
Eu sou parte da doença do Ocidente que multiplica as páginas sem nada acrescentar de efetivo: “being-for-itself [Ser-Para-Si], which is characterized, in Sartre, by consciousness and [pseudo-]transcendence [jornada imanente do ser em perpétuo autodesvelamento, negação do afirmado e afirmação do negado, em contradição consigo próprio – condição do homem –; devir, mundo das aparências, corpo{*}], and the being-in-itself [Ser-Em-Si], characterized by ontological solidity [consistência] and non-transcendence [imanência de facto, homem enquanto coisa, noção de unidade e auto-semelhança; ser clássico, mundo dos conceitos, autossuficiência da mente{**}].”
{*} Em certo sentido, sede da liberdade, e por isso berço da ansiedade. Prisão universal do cotidiano e suas vicissitudes.
{**} Berço da indiferença glacial e do tédio. Morada do sábio desde a Grécia Antiga. Topo da pirâmide, instância “estratificada”.
O MAIOR PROBLEMA DA FILOSOFIA?
“a man who judges himself to be <lazy>.”
“I am lazy”
Quem acha quem lerdo? Quem é lerdo? Quem apenas sabe que alguém é lerdo?
Intelecção da lerdice.
It sucks to be me.
But too much people live only to suck.
Who sucks, sucks some-1-or-some-thing.
Died trying to suck his own.
Made a FOOL circle.
LeClerc sonhou a vida toda em ser Le Cirque.
O Homem é o cristal que falhou.
SUPREMA IRONIA: “The lazy man can, therefore, never rest in his laziness and carry it as a table carries its being-a-table or a stone its being-a-stone.”
Viajar para não mais precisar empreender a única viagem que é de precisão empreender. Empreender-o-nada (viver hoje).
Distrair-se para escapar do fado de ser-mais-que-o-colega-ao-lado…
Por mais petrificados, nunca atingiremos nem mesmo o nível reptiliano de uma tartaruga. I’m a rolling stone, but never a still stone, what a fuckin’ tragedy!
Jegement (autojulgamento)
autojjuízzo compreensivo compressive compre-sisos
ex-traindo suas convicções
e ex-pondo numa parede seus desenhos e rabiscos mais íntimos
Jazz-gernaut
the-journey-of-the-lazy-boy-in-his-way-not-to-be-a-lazy-boy-anymo-no-no-no-nomore
Faith no more
Faith not now still
o-poeta-roqueiro-divorciado
assim que me sinto
não por mim, em Absoluto!
Mas este é o abscôndito juízo dos falantes banais! Afinal o que eles falam é o que eles mais escondem-mostram por glimpses…
glee-y-Ipse
i am the chasm i am all this
im bliss im fuzz im bus im light-years ahead and in no-place
A RESPIRAÇÃO
“Normally, we feel that we are as incapable of choosing to commit suicide as we are of choosing to fly to the moon or of lifting the Rock of Gibraltar.”
Paulo Patrick me julga bem ou mal
Merda! Não me julgue, melhor que ser julgado santo, herói, papa, invencível, invulnerável, ídolo, modelo de ações!
o homem golfo
Guerra do Goffman
Be-avis and although but-yea
“The next alternative then is that the unconscious is unconscious only in the sense that it is not known to my conscious. In and by itself, the unconscious is every bit as conscious as the conscious, the only difference being that it is unknown by the conscious and, therefore, unconscious to it.”
The man I’ll (ill) choose to be maddeningly sterile in all his to-be-attempts.
I can prove It!
Ressuscitar 2 zumbis com uma coelhinha da Playboy só
Picasso não sublimava
Habita que a carpo
Meu censor é muito sem-cor
“If we are to remain with one person rather than with three, we must avoid hypostatizing the levels of consciousness to the extent that we find ourselves dealing with three persons who, while interacting, are, nevertheless, distinct.”
Steckel (1954): “Every time that I have been able to carry my investigations far enough, I have established that the crux of the psychosis was conscious.”
“the more sincerity there is to begin with, the more profound and interesting the bad faith is.” A má-fé da mulher é pouco interessante.
Édipo empoderado: eu decido quais meus traumas, embora não possa decidir não ter traumas ou ter todos os traumas!
Hoje sonhei que eu tinha um Neo Geo e um Turbografx.
“in a very important sense, psychology is the greatest enemy of human freedom ever invented by the mind of man. To the extent to which psychology considers itself a science in the sense in which physics and chemistry are sciences, it commits itself to searching for regularities in human thought and conduct that it can then express in the form o[‘]f[-]laws.”
“Nothing prevents our conceiving a priori of a <human reality> which would not be expressed by the will to power, for which the libido would not constitute the original undifferentiated project.” J.-P.S.
HENRY ELKIN: Comment on Sartre from the Standpoint of Existential Psychotherapy
“Comecei a ler O Ser e o Nada de Sartre com imensas expectativas, senão entusiasmo e fervor mesmo, dada sua visível preocupação com a estrutura do consciente. Toda a fundamentação conceitual das psicologias profundas não-existenciais¹ está viciada pela incompreensão e negligência generalizadas dessa matéria, que se liga diretamente à essência da mente ou alma humana. Porém, meu esforço o mais das vezes fútil no sentido de capturar as intrincadas sutilezas da lógica sartreana, lógica essa prolongada numa diarréia verbal de intelectualismo compulsivo, me levou repetidas vezes à exasperação. Sou gratíssimo ao Dr. Wyschogrod [autor do artigo anterior] por me apresentar a principal linha de pensamento de Sartre de modo claro e convincente. Compreendo-a como um delineamento marcadamente acurado do problema da psicologia humana, levado a cabo por uma mente brilhante e profunda, conquanto de um intelectualismo estreito. Meu objetivo neste artigo é, através de algumas observações, tornar evidente ao leitor o porquê desse meu juízo sobre Sartre, ao mesmo tempo em que enxerto um pouco de carne e sangue, se vale a metáfora, no esqueleto conceitual sartreano.”
¹ Minha primeira hipótese é que se referia especìficamente aos comportamentalistas; depois revi a nomenclatura atrelada à Psicanálise; por fim, pode ser também uma generalização de ambas as “escolas”, quando não incluir ainda outras vertentes.
“At the outset, let me say that his fundamental distinction between being-for-itself and being-in-itself, although relevant to ontology, is misleading for psychology.”
“how consciousness acquires its definitive elemental character. (…) this process belongs to the 2nd half of the 1st year of life, and involves what Melanie Klein calls the <depressive position> and René Spitz and others the <8th-month depression>. It is directly induced by the child’s hatred of the mother as countered by the fear to express it because of dependence on her bounties. This is the universal situation of original choice”
Onde termina o Nadir começa o Rafael.
“Depending on the strength of this ego, the child will choose daringly to express his hatred along with his peremptory desires. At some variable point, however, he will inevitably meet with failure in this heroic course. Insofar as the mother then fails intuitively to understand her child and respond with keen sympathy to his discomfiture, the communion between them is broken; and to that extent, the child, prey to stifled fear and hatred, and unrequited need for love, falls into depression.”
O PRIMEIRO MEGAZORD, MANIPULADO PELA CHAVE DE LOKI, O TRICKSTER ORIGINAL: “This original submission to physical power, which is the prototype of moral infirmity, proves, however, to have an inverse yet prodigious spiritual power: it transforms the physically all-powerful mother into an amiable puppet. Thus the child becomes aware of his seductive charm whose veiled power, moreover, allows for the release of his suppressed hatred in safe disguise. And so arises what I’ve called the autistic ego (or part of the ego) which is founded on fear and hatred, and functions by hidden cunning, artifice, and guile.” Guile tongue. Lânguida linguagem maternal.
“The child then inevitably projects his own conscious diabolism on the mother (where it generally befits her own unconscious variety). Hence her endearments especially provoke in him acute paranoid anxiety.” O carinho e o afeto da mamãe gera no bebê cada vez mais consciencioso ansiedade paranóide aguda.
O ideal é converter (o) isso em ansiedade esquizóide crônica – ainda melhor que a opção do tédio – na idade adulta…
TRAGIC COLLATERAL EFFECT/CYCLE: “O conseqüente pânico infantil tende a intensificar a proximidade e os carinhos da mãe.” “breaking point” “blissful state of collective-erotic fusion or identity with the mother. This (the social collectivization) is the psychical foundation of what Sartre calls bad faith. He speaks of it, however, as a free, conscious choice, whereas I portray it as the result of an hypnosis. [in adulthood?]”
A náusea do abismo quiçá seja a nostalgia suprema: nostalgia do ato voluntário de Adão.
“A verdadeira questão dessa formação paradoxal da consciência na criança foi, no entanto, enfàticamente posta por Kierkegaard como sendo a escolha entre ser (indivíduo) ou não ser (continuar coletivo, <fusionado> à mãe).”
“The choice in favor of one’s collective being, or choosing not to be oneself, perpetuates the mental, spiritual dissolution of the psyche or soul in Bad Faith.” Produção serial de aloísios.
“But the choice in favor of personal freedom and integrity, or good faith, involves the great risk of fully liberating the autistic ego from its collectivized state. The danger that may ensue is shown in full degree by those unfortunate persons who are thrown wholly into personal being without choice [?] – by not having been inducted [induzido ou tentado – por Eva?!] or by being rejected or cast out from a state of collective identity.” A conseqüência seria o autismo na história do desenvolvimento do ego. “insanidade ou criminalidade”
Bá, a psicoterapia existencial é muito fraquinha! Descarta as vantagens da Psicanálise e insiste em suas maiores falhas e estereótipos.
“The public images of the Hollywood stars well reflect the life of personal freedom as envisioned by modern collectivized man.”
“But even when this tension brings forth creative works, the person may still remain in psychic jeopardy as witness the many creative geniuses who behaved psychopathically or succumbed to insanity.”
Bem-vinda! Eu sou o seu tarado da língua!
“Não só a psicoterapia, geralmente, fracassa no tratamento do núcleo psicótico do sujeito, como ela estabelece como alvo, em sua teoria e sua técnica, esconder e trancafiar este núcleo, nem que apenas possa fazê-lo ao não atinar com – e, logo, respeitar – os seus significados encobertos. Tal terapia jamais curará o psicótico ou o psicótico borderline, o viciado ou o homossexual, fora que as curas relativamente superficiais atingíveis com pacientes neuróticos trazem consigo repercussões ambivalentes. Porque embora a sensação de liberdade deste paciente possa ter sido ampliada na esfera social, essa vida mesma ainda será fundamentalmente (ou pelo menos quase fundamentalmente) vivida com base em afetos e identificações (coletivas socialmente)” Em outras palavras: ele continuará tropeçando e se estabacando se não agir conforme o tamanho real de suas pernas… A besta continuará atrás das grades da jaula!
“A filosofia existencial de Sartre parece querer implicar que talvez os problemas de socialização do indivíduo possam ser resolvidos ùnicamente pela razão e força de vontade. Eu acredito que seu paradigma reflita certas peculiaridades do povo francês.” Neurótico à francesa. Dentro do Hexágono deve ser delicioso viver. Mas e dentro do Pentagrama? Eis por que não incineramos carros.
Existem 2 países no mundo: a Europa e a América.
[/claquete]
Já podem rir.
AMERICAN WAY OF INNER PSYCHE: LOVE, PASSION & CONFORMISM
“Falar Francês requer ação muscular vigorosa e coordenada, envolvendo a região da boca, os lábios, a mandíbula, o nariz e a garganta.”
Que coisa, não? Uncle Sam tem um primo distante que costuma aconselhá-lo: Do it Yourself! Lasser aller n’est pas beau, mignon!
Piadas do século XXIV: “Entram num bar: um leproso radioativo, Deus e a Má Fé…”
PSICOTERAPEUTA: Entre a sedução e a autoridade.
Técnica empírica (em fase de testes)
Conhecimento EXPERIMENTAL (aqui e agora, mano velho)
“C. Whitaker and T. Malone in their Roots of Psychotherapy which, to my knowledge, offers the most thorough account of the process of psychotherapy that is consistent with the principles of existential theory (always bearing in mind the dangers that must arise when these principles and procedures are taken over by therapists with non- or anti-therapeutic personalities).” Peixotos
“I have also at times found most valuable, though ancillary [auxiliares], some of the simpler physical techniques used in <bio-energetic therapy> [!] whose impressive theoretical foundation is presented in A. Lowen’s Physical Dynamics of Character Structure.” Não achei que leria isso aqui.
BERNARD BOELEN: Martin Heidegger’s approach to will, decision and responsibility
“It would be truer to say that anxiety is pervaded by a particular kind of peace” H.
O SER HUMANO COMO CHAFARIZ NA ERA DA DESPEJABILIDADE TÉCNICA: “From the very beginning, however, Heidegger has emphasized that man is not authentically man, and that he does not truly dwell on earth by conquering the world, but by guarding its Being. The authentic will, according to Heidegger (1947 [Sobre o Humanismo], p. 29), is not the will of man as the <superman> but the will of man as <the shepherd of Being>.” Engraçada contradição com tudo o que nele li sobre o papel da Técnica. (E)L(U)CID(ATIVO), se assim for.
eu-uma-doença-cujo-único-d-e-feito-é-não-parar
O ESPASMO DA SIMPLICIDADE
simplesmente-é
plasmando
atos
solto
no
céu
domundo
ADRIAN VAN KAAM: Clinical implications of Heidegger’s concepts of will, decision and responsibility
“psicologia psicanalítica” é um termo que devia ser abolido da história do mundo.
“Existential psychology as psychology, therefore, does not deal primordially with ontological and epistemological problems which are studied in existential philosophy. The psychologist can speak only about human experience as it appears in concrete behavior and behavioral products in concrete situations; he abstains from every absolute judgment regarding the ontological reality of his object. For the psychologist can speak only about what he has observed and in so far as he has observed it.” O ruim de julgar uma classe pela sua mediana é que mesmo os melhores psicólogos (estamos falando de autores que publicam num jornal científico conceituado) não parecem ter noção do que fazem os melhores filósofos: exatamente o que eles pretendem fazer (ser empíricos). A metafísica-de-araque de um batalhão de filósofos perverte a noção que se tem do “exo-metafísico” do que é a metafísica para um metafisicista, se posso esclarecer a questão (para mim mesmo, no máximo, aparentemente) através de neologismos ou so-called.
“The prime result of therapy is to enable the patient to be a spontaneous participant in life rather than a compulsive or withdrawn outsider who tries to do the impossible, that is, to take a vantage point [panorama] outside himself from which he strives to control all that transpires in his life.” “O primeiro resultado que deve aparecer na terapia existencial é capacitor o paciente a ser um participante espontâneo em sua vida [!] em vez de um alienígena retirado [idéia: uma Antropologia do Eu – utopia, logo, redundância da terapia!] ou compulsivo que tenta executar o impossível, isto é, adotar uma visão panorâmica, impessoal, a partir da qual almeja controlar tudo que transparece em sua própria vida.” Participação espontânea e original no processo meramente reprodutivo, exasperante e/ou tedioso do trabalho! Uma fórmula para o sucesso, com efeito! Sifudência ativa. E o que é mais: quem vai me ensinar isso é um estranho compartimentalizado (burocratizado), numa janelinha de tempo dele em que está pseudo-inteiro à minha disposição (digo, do meu bolso)!
“Você não ouviu o seu celular tocar?!?”
Engraçado como auto-realização no nosso sentido CORRENTE (de auto-ajuda) é self-actualization. O falso cognato seria exatamente seu oposto: a suprema reificação do funcionário-padrão.
A tênue linha entre a misantropia e a neurose.
realidade sórdida
“Man is always to a degree unauthentic in so far as he always has to participate to a degree in what his culture imposes.”
Whose dream is this? Whose dream am I? Whose doctorate I’m impersonating? Whose functions am I replicating? Whose sickness perpetuation I symbolize? Whose grandsons are my not-even-born-sons? Who is this alien called brother? To relieve is to repress… But never to suppress.
“Man becomes willfully unauthentic, however, when he <wills> no longer [between 2009 and 2015 I was a machine nearing its own midnight/also known as termination/expiration/cancellation/human rac… lay to waste], is no longer open for the possibilities and meanings that transcend what the impersonal <one> praises as being good for him.”
Que se passem 300 anos sem que ocorra um holocausto nuclear exige a existência de uma maioria robótica. Nobreza nesse momento só aniquilaria o universo. Vivemos o tempo em que é dado ao último homem sua inautenticidade de continuar vivendo e gozando. Viver a cada dia como se fôssemos em breve apontados como coveiro e carrasco número 1 da assim chamada humanidade…
Peter Pan is a Robin Hood that steals adulthood from adults and throws them all’way… Maybe they are becoming to the fish!!
“Therefore, Heidegger’s analysis is of great importance for the general theoretical psychologist who develops a comprehensive frame of reference for his science [em outros termos, a filosofia continental vai comer o cu do psicólogo curioso]. For the psychotherapist [psicólogo PROPRIAMENTE DITO], however, the Existenzerhellung, the illumination of individual existence or the study of the individuation of the common structure in single patients is crucial too.”
“It is this personal immediate feel of reality that is so weak in depressed or catatonic patients. This openness or primordial will of the healthy person increases his sensitivity to the differentiated manifestation of reality within himself and his environment. The patient, on the contrary, is selectively insensitive to reality.”
“When a patient in the course of treatment opens up and dares to accept and own affective manifestations of reality in himself which he had suppressed formerly, he is faced with a whole new gamut [leque] of moods and feelings.” Já que não é possível dar aula, vamos nos contentar com pequenas subidas de degrau, microvitórias – acostumar-nos a ser ‘gente’ e pegar um metrô no horário de pico serenos e tranqüilos. Natal em família ainda é coisa para veterano de guerra após 2016…
“Many sessions follow during which the patient faces the new feelings which arise on the basis of his enlarged openness for his reality. His new liberated sensitivity for reality differentiates itself during the sessions in particular sentiments of joy, anger, sadness, hostility, enthusiasm, which correspond with the aspects of reality in which he is involved and engaged.”
“The therapist is non-directive precisely in order to enable the patient to find himself instead of the self of the therapist.”
COMO NÃO SER UM TERRORISTA: “in the course of this process he may have to rebel temporarily against his environment in order to experience the difference between his real self and the functional self imposed by his culture.”
ZARATUSTRA TRANSCENDIDO: “But gradually he discovers that he can be reasonably social and at the same time be himself because the primordial will or human openness is embedded in collective, everyday social life but at the same time transcends everydayness. The patient in his process of self-discovery becomes aware of the fact that his fundamental human, incarnated structure subjects him to the time-space limitations of a certain contemporary society within which he has to actualize himself [autorrealizar-se] in a socially acceptable manner.”
“But for the patient for whom frequently the first meeting with reality as represented by parents or other significant adults was an event that evoked more than normal anxiety, every awareness of contingency or of the possibility of non-being may arouse overwhelming anxiety.”
A FAMOSA CONSCIÊNCIA DA RESSACA ANTES DE ENCHER A CARA: “Normal anxiety makes the person realistically aware of his contingency and relative dependency. His awareness enables him to structure his life in a way that takes into account realistically this aspect of the human predicament.”
“The patients who come to us in contemporary culture are frequently permeated by the positivistic and rationalistic distortions of the concept of the human will, which is considered as a positive <thing> that can control, like a super scientist or engineer, all other <things> in the person without respect for their subtle complexity.”
A vida é um whack-a-mole e, adivinha, você não está segurando um martelo…
UNDERSTANDING & ENT-IN-DIMENTO (ou IN-Tendimento ou ENTEND(I)ME(N)TO): “One can try, with scientifically neat arguments, to reason the patient into an understanding of his own predicament. But this process does not work so long as the primordial mood of the patient is not tuned in and his primordial will or openness is not awakened. As soon, however, as the patient overcomes, in the therapeutic relationship, the anxiety which inhibited his primordial will or open engagement in reality, he is more and more able to understand his reality personally and spontaneously without repression.” “There is no such thing as final self-insight or a final analysis. Therapy aims primordially at the emergence or the recreation of the primordial will, of the freedom of engagement in reality, at the fundamental readiness to face reality as it reveals itself.” “But then the time comes that the patient experiences that he dares to maintain his radical openness even without the secure, understanding presence of the therapist.”
“This never finished dialogue with reality which the therapeutic relationship facilitated in the patient leads us to the third structural characteristic of the will, namely Rede, or discoursiveness.”
“In a certain sense therapy is respectfully listening together. This willing openness which makes the patient listen to the multifarious manifestation of reality is at the same time a willingness to respond in differentiated actions, judgments and choices which correspond with the differentiation of reality discovered in this openness.”
“When the end of therapy is near, the patient manifests more and more that he knows how to handle his situation theoretically and practically. In the beginning of therapy, the therapist may be impressed by the inadequate way in which the patient handles his life situations.”
response-ability
“The split person is less and less able to respond intuitively to reality and more and more inclined to conform blindly to the collectivity.” Ou espiralar na revolta silenciosa.
“He develops a quasi-autonomous collective mode of ex-sistence that is less and less in touch with his primordial will and becomes therefore organized around a secondary, unauthentic functional will.” Al*****
“For instance, the outcomes of the research in psychotherapy under the auspices of Carl Rogers and Gene Gendlin at the University of Wisconsin, of John M. Butler and Laura N. Rice at the University of Chicago, and of Alice K. Wagstaff at Duquesne University do not seem to contradict these theoretical postulates.”
Falou muito mas disse quase tanto quanto o Tite numa coletiva.
MAURICE FRIEDMAN: Will, decision and responsibility in the thought of Martin Buber
“The It is the eternal chrysalis, the Thou the eternal butterfly.”
“The unfree person is so defined by public opinion, social status, or his neurosis that he does not respond spontaneously and openly to what meets him but only reacts.”
“the belief in fate – <the abdication of man before the exuberant world of It.>”
“If there were a devil it would not be one who decided against God, but one who, in eternity, came to no decision. (Buber, 1958b)”
Oh, so dual: ser diabólico na essência seria completar com sucesso o “desafio” ao Absoluto? Se sim, hesitar é o ápice. Mas se o demônio é a negatividade personalizada, o mais temível e único-que-se-deve-evitar, o Ser exige a decisão. A revolta como erro redentor. Um desafio que chega aos termos consigo próprio (despeito resolvido, leve). Mas é impossível nunca se decidir por uma ou duas eternidades…
“Man becomes aware of possibility, writes Buber, <in a period of evolution which generally coincides with puberty without being tied to it.> This possibility takes the form of possible actions which threaten to submerge him in their swirling chaos. To escape from this dizzy whirl the soul either sets out upon the difficult path of bringing itself toward unity or it clutches at any object past which the vortex happens to carry it and casts its passion upon it.” “enters into a pathless maze of pseudo-decision, a <flight into delusion and ultimately into mania.>”
“But when the will to affirm oneself asserts itself, man calls himself in question. For Buber’s philosophical anthropology man is the creature of possibility who needs confirmation by others and by himself in order that he may be and become the unique person that he is. Through the 2 basic movements of distancing and entering into relation man is able to recognize himself and others as independent selves between whom dialogue may again and again arise.”
“When a person’s self-knowledge demands inner rejection, he either falls into a pathologically fragile and intricate relationship to himself, re-adjusts self-knowledge through that extreme effort of unification called <conversion>, or displaces his knowledge of himself by an absolute self-affirmation.”
“They are recognizable, those who dominate their own self-knowledge, by the spastic pressure of the lips, the spastic tension of the muscles of the hand and the spastic tread of the foot.”
QUEDA DA MÁSCARA, DAS LUVAS E DAS BOTAS: “Estes que deram o primeiro passo [ou seja, se encontram em transição] em direção à liberdade individual, isto é, rumo à auto-afirmação incondicional, são reconhecíveis pela tensão espasmódica dos lábios, a tensão espasmódica dos músculos da mão e, igualmente, as passadas trêmulas.” Ver Náusea – “quando a mão pára de tremer”
“When the man who has direction comes to a crossroads, he makes his choice with immediate decision as out of a deep command. The <orienting man> places all happening in formulas, rules, and connections; the <realizing man>, in contrast, relates each event to nothing but its own intrinsic value.” [?] Nada parece bom aqui
“Freud’s sublimation takes place within man, Buber’s direction between man and man.”
“Life lived in freedom is personal responsibility or it is a pathetic farce.”
PLATÃO RECUA A PROTÁGORAS: “Buber changes Kierkegaard’s category of the Single One from the <knight of faith> who lives in lonely relation with God to the man who lives in responsibility.”
“As pessoas devem seguir os comuns” Heráclito
“Aldous Huxley’s counsel to the use of the mescalin drug, writes Buber, is the attempt to escape from the responsibility of the essential We into a chemical paradise of situationless-ness in which one has no relation to other persons. (Buber, 1958c; cf. Buber, 1957c)”
“O aconselhamento de Aldous Huxley a usar mescalina (peiote) não passa de um escapismo da responsabilidade do ‘Nós essencial’, rumo a um suposto paraíso químico zero-situacional, onde o sujeito não se relaciona com os outros.”
LESLIE H. FARBER: Will and willfulness in hysteria
“Early in Freud’s career as psychoanalyst he suffered a spell of rapture in which he boasted to Fliess that he could cure every case of hysteria. (It is my impression that most psychoanalysts have passed through this phase of development, although it must be admitted a few have lingered here unconscionably long.) For Freud, at least, little time passed before he inflicted such drainage on an abscess of hysteria only to discover his patient shared neither his enthusiasm nor his optimism. In fact, after only a few weeks, she ended this treatment, never to return. His account of this therapeutic disaster contains one of the most anguished statements in the literature of psychology, a cri du coeur which must have helped him to leave his medical youth behind him.”
“Her breaking off so unexpectedly, just when my hopes of a successful termination of the treatment were at their highest, and her thus bringing those hopes to nothing, this was an unmistakable act of vengeance on her part. (…) a portion of the factors that are encountered under the form of resistance remains unknown (…)”
“In other words, regardless of the inventiveness and accuracy with which he and Dora have traced the origins and meanings of her disorder, there is a force in her which says No to this mutual creation. To this force he gave the name allotted it by history, namely Will. (…) But did this mean that henceforth the Will, as it has been understood by the ages, was to be excluded from his psychological considerations?”
“I did not succeed in mastering the transference in good time. . . . In this way the transference took me unaware, and, because of the unknown quantity in me which reminded Dora of Herr K., she took her revenge on me as she wanted to take her revenge on him. . . . If cruel impulses and revengeful motives, which have already been used in the patient’s ordinary life for maintaining her symptoms, become transferred on to the physician during treatment, before he has had time to detach them from himself by tracing them back to their sources, then it is not to be wondered at if the patient’s condition is unaffected by his therapeutic efforts.”
“However, tracing … cruel impulses and revengeful motives … back to their sources is not quite the same as considering the psychology of will itself.”
“I was further anxious to show that sexuality … provides the motive power for every single symptom, and for every single manifestation of a symptom. The symptoms of the disease are nothing else than the patient’s sexual activity”
“A motive cannot explain an act; the act ultimately must be judged in its own terms.”
TEIMOSIA HISTÉRICA
“My thesis is that hysteria is a particular disorder of will whose principal expression is willfulness. By willfulness I do not mean mere intentionality or determination, which are older definitions of the term. I am using here the dictionary’s more contemporary definition, namely <governed by will, without yielding to reason; obstinate; perverse; stubborn; as a willful man or horse.>‘”
Má fé: ações e palavras cada vez mais distanciadas.
RETRATO DO SENIL SR. MEU “PAI”: “And with distension of will which is relatively unrelieved, intellect is bound to suffer. I mean, of course, intellect in the large sense, including not only will’s usual adversary, which is reason, but also imagination, humor, discretion, judgment.”
Com a recalcitrância que cada vez surte menos efeitos socialmente (os fracassos reais seriam pesados demais para a consciência suportar), o mecanismo de defesa do indivíduo obdurate como pedra é tornar-se mais e mais estulto. Mais e mais recalcitrante e cego à própria recalcitrância. Pragmático, realista, porém autista. Seu mundo é a lei. De mau humor simplesmente intragável, incapaz de considerar as necessidades dos outros. Sem juízo. Uma máquina kamikaze de rancor. Um trator fumacento. Uma locomotiva do século XIX que insiste em funcionar, e enquanto funcionar atropelará cada pobre transeunte em seu caminho.
“hypnosis is one of hysteria’s necessary and characteristic inventions.”
“So little, really, has the form of hypnosis changed that it would seem to be lifted bodily from the pages of a gothic novel of the period.” Um tipo de idiota que sempre se repete no tempo, em todas as épocas.
“The romantic, wrote Tate, ranged over nature in the effort to impose his volitional ego as an absolute on the world.”
“Qualities suggesting the <merely human>, such as self-consciousness, doubt, humor, in either the hypnotist or subject, are inimical to the pact of hypnosis”
“In Melville’s sense, each participant should be a Confidence Man: i.e., a man who has confidence.”
“Hypnosis becomes one willful way of overriding the despair of the young psychiatrist, qualified neither by age nor humanity to give counsel.” “Once the hypnotist begins to lose his belief, it will not be long before the spectacle strikes him as comic, for retrospectively at least outbursts of will are apt to appear more comic than pathetic because of the unadorned combination of presumption and ignorance.”
“While willfulness may seize other categories, under its dominion these categories lose their original substance, serving only as illusions of themselves.”
“You undoubtedly recall that Freud first took quite literally his hysterical patients’ tales of early seduction, later discovering that these episodes were more in the realm of fantasy.”
“Another common assumption, equally mistaken, was the belief that with sexual emancipation, hysteria would disappear.”
“Before sexual emancipation willfulness in sex was restricted to whether the person would or wouldn’t. With emancipation willfulness shifted from the fact of participation to an absorption with the details of the sexual act itself.”
“They suggest a repertoire of personal decoration, gesture, intonation, even vocabulary, whose flourish puts more modest or commonplace devices of expressiveness to shame, and is disproportionate to the spoken or written message. (…) When this dramatic insistence becomes too overpowering, whatever intellectual substance there may be is blurred for the listener, whose attention finds itself split in a manner not unlike the division in the hysteric. In such fragmentation listening, in any honorable sense, is no longer possible. Instead, mannerisms of body and voice, formerly inconspicuous, acquire a new and crude existence, widely separated
from what is said. (…) Inevitably, now, he compels himself, whether in agreement or disagreement, to address himself to the hysteric’s manner. Thus does it happen that will responds to will and dialogue can be no more than illusion.”
EXPERIMENTO “EM CACOS”: “hysterical drama may be said to be bad drama.”
“He is acted upon by Nature who works her will on him. So long as both wills his and Nature’s reside within his person, there can be no defeat; victory is his, whatever the outcome.”
“In an age to some extent characterized by <the tyranny of the orgasm>, the choice is no longer between sex or no sex; instead the will joins itself to those particles of sexual behavior, whose sum it is hoped will constitute the sexual act.”
“in hysteria much of what is called by such names as <impulsivity> or <acting out> are more serious – even catastrophic – adventures invented by the will, alcohol being one of its most faithful accomplices in these escapades: it performs the double service of inflating the will at the same time as it dulls discrimination.”
“Something calls to us from beyond or within and our only answer is a sigh, and a sweet sad sense of loss. What is the loss? Few of us, I imagine, wish to experience infancy again.”
“A single self is, for us, always an invention of our will. In extremity the self is the will, but it is no longer that shadowy, elusive creature, flickering over the surface of consciousness, that we traditionally call the self. Thanks to the work of will, the self emerges whole into the bright light of the world: suddenly it has acquired shape and dimension and substance it has been concretized by the will. The faint resemblance this imposing apparition bears to the true nature of the self testifies both to the formidable powers of the will and to the urgency of the need we all share to experience wholeness.”
“In point of fact, no state of mind so deadens and injures our faculties as our belief in this illusion of wholeness. The more dependent a person becomes on this illusion, the less able is he to experience true wholeness in dialogue, and at the point where he is no longer capable of dialogue he can be said to be addicted to his will.”
“O estado mental daquele que se crê sempre dotado de razão (e da razão, na discussão – o popular <dono da razão>), essa ilusão perfeita de autossuficiência, é a condição que mais pode machucar e mortificar nossas faculdades intelectuais e sociais. Quão mais dependente desse falso ponto de vista se torna a pessoa, menos apta a experienciar a verdadeira suficiência – através do diálogo – ela está. Quando a pessoa já chegou a tal ponto que é absolutamente incapaz de dialogar, podemos chamá-la de viciada no próprio querer.”
“More important, will’s solitary and inflated sovereignty as willfulness actively opposes the acquisition of precisely those intellectual faculties with which we perceive the total meanings of actual moral situations.”
“Mais importante: a soberania inflada e solitária da vontade, a teimosia, oprime ativamente a aquisição das faculdades intelectuais com as quais apercebemo-nos dos significados totalizantes do que vem a ser situações morais.”
“através do rancor, o histérico agravado não pôde aprender nada com seus pais ou professores a respeito dos temas controversos. A franca admissão do <eu não sei a resposta> é uma pré-condição essencial do aprender. Mas, para o histérico, <eu não sei>, a não ser quando usado como estratégia no debate, representa um fracasso do querer. Conforme as lacunas do conhecimento se acumulam, o <eu não sei> é transformado numa espécie de <sabedoria de vida> expressa por um leque de gestos ou manias adquiridos, físicos e verbais, que convencem a si mesmo, e pretendem convencer o interlocutor, não só de que o histérico <entende muito bem daquilo> como também <possui muito mais conhecimento do que meras palavras poderiam expressar>.”
“O que não passava de dificuldades para somar e subtrair na segunda série agora faz o histérico esconder as mãos enquanto conta nos dedos. Mas mais aberrante que o déficit aritmético em si é a probabilidade de ele ser o índice de uma incapacidade geral para abstrair os fundamentos da Lógica, que afinal permeiam o mundo a seu redor.”
“E o que na sua terceira série não passava de ligeiros problemas em gramática agora subsiste como uma pobreza na linguagem tornando o intelecto do histérico cego às discriminações mais sutis que denominamos humor, ironia, ambigüidade e paradoxo.”
VOLTA PRA ESCOLA, BABACA: “Essa teimosia deveria ser acessível e tratável pela psicoterapia, mas as parcas capacidades intelectuais do histérico adulto, que acumulou falhas sobre falhas por anos, dificilmente responderão à análise de motivações ou a algum insight ou mesmo à relação terapêutica, muito embora essa metodologia possa, de alguma forma, constituir um começo para se aprender essas discriminações tão usuais e que faltam ao histérico. Ao passo que compreendemos finalmente que a histeria consiste numa falha dupla nos reinos da vontade e da inteligência, não é mais mistério algum (como na época do Freud jovem) que reconheçamos que o tratamento à histeria é ardoroso e de longo prazo, calcado na insistência. Nem é estranho o diagnóstico de que tal tratamento, idealmente falando, deva consistir numa combinação de psicoterapia com educação propriamente dita, no melhor sentido da palavra, gradual e compreensiva, dividida por disciplinas.”
“Se considerações éticas escapam às limitações da histeria, poderemos fazer alguma generalização tocante à natureza do discurso histérico? O modo do histérico se dirigir a e entender seus pares e o mundo que o rodeia poderia ser classificado como estético. Porém, como essa é uma estética que carece de imaginação e inteligência, não é do tipo honorável que habitualmente associamos ao termo.” “Estou falando com um machão?”
“Nesse sentido, o histérico recepciona a análise de motivos da psicanálise como um criticismo do seu estilo e vê nisso uma oportunidade para aperfeiçoar seus maneirismos.”
“Esse esteticismo é próprio dos atos suicidas do tipo histérico, cujas auto-mutilações atendem ao desígnio de supressão da vida apenas tangencialmente: o corte superficial dos pulsos são sintomas de conversão no sentido de que o histérico imprime sua vontade sobre o próprio corpo. Mas, diferentemente dos sintomas de conversão clássicos, em que as funções corporais são danificadas, o que este suicida faz é desfigurar ou abalar a <intactabilidade> corporal. É mais uma repercussão estética que ética, portanto.”
SANGUE-RUIM: “a teimosia é sempre consciente, o histérico a percebe; não é um traço caracterológico inconsciente. O que pode suceder é que essa compreensão seja póstuma, i.e., adiada em relação ao diálogo ou ocorrência. Daí que o histérico é um remordido e culpado constante. (…) Como a histeria é uma questão em torno da vontade, sua apreensão não precisa ser imediata, como acontece com a sensação da dor.”
A SÍNDROME DA MESA DE BAR: “This feverish figure, endlessly assaulting the company, seeking to wrench the moment to some pretense of dialogue, is the image
of the eternal stranger: that condition of man in which he is forever separated from his fellows, unknown and unaddressed it is the figure of man’s separated will posing as his total self. Though always a stranger to those he moves among, this figure is no stranger to our imagination; who is he but ourselves, you and I and everyman as we have been over and over in the past and shall be again? This condition of willfulness which at once drives us to grasp for wholeness and prevents our attainment of it is no rare disease; even by its harsher, clinical term, hysteria, it is, in varying degree, the lot of each of us.”
“hysteria loathes passion as a potential usurper of its usurped domain.”
NO MEIO DO CAMINHO TINHA UM PAI, TINHA UM PAI NO MEIO DO CAMINHO: “It is true that we must live with hysteria, but we need not, I think, honor it. In fact, if we give it its rightful identification as the sworn enemy of our capacity to be fully human we may give ourselves a crucial advantage in the struggle we must constantly engage in to transcend it.” Síntese do desumanizador.
LOUIS E. DE ROSIS: Discussion of the Papers of Drs. Friedman and Farber
“The evil urge is undirected passion, ignored or suppressed.”
“Shall we equate Id with <evil urge>?
In my view, based on both experiential and logical grounds, a truly central agency, or self, will not entertain the makings of its own dividedness.”
“Being with a neurotically involved person is like raising one’s voice in the fiords of Norway, with the sounds ricocheting endlessly, never realizing their mark, never permitting the demarcation of the boundary of one word from the next.”
“By forcing himself to experience the ideal as already attained, he changes ideals into idealization, and so he is lost to himself, lost to the sense that he is the author of his own existence. Along with this, he loses his capacity of intentionality.”
“I would like now to raise the question whether we can equate Buber’s <evil passion> with my formulation of the compulsive drive.”
“<Unneurotic Man>: I feel this man would have no awareness of the compulsive elements in the patient, for he would be free of the compulsive in himself. No personal analysis for this analyst! It is precisely because of the compulsive in himself that the doctor must alert himself for it in the other.”
“This brings to mind a patient of an eminent psychiatrist with whom the latter sat for 3 months. This patient was a mute, catatonic schizophrenic, whom the doctor was seeing at the special request of the family with whom he was friendly. The doctor spent all his time reading as he sat for the hour with the patient. One day the patient sat up and asked, <What the hell do you find so interesting in that book?>. The doctor related that following this episode, the patient gradually recovered, an outcome he had never expected.” “This gave the patient the freedom to find the borders of his non-being and when he did, he was ready to cross the divide to respond to the doctor who, by reading, was being an authentically interested-in-a-book self!”
“It takes as much courage as there is compulsion for the patient to make this excursion, no more and no less.”
Quem tem compulsão, tem coragem.
“Imagine your fear if your physician found cancer in you. The psychiatric patient feels an even greater terror when he finds a compulsion in himself.”
“In a sense, this consciousness is to be likened to a girl who is wrenching her way through a gang of men who would rape her and rend her clothes and skin, until what emerges no longer resembles the person who gave impetus to her spontaneous impulse in the first place.”
“The self-starved person seizes freedom as the famished man seizes food, only to have to spew it out, not being able to contain it in a self that is poorly developed for the heavy burden of responsibility which freedom brings. This self retreats in horror and nausea, filled with the dread of being.”
“It is for this reason that I do not believe the hysteric can be said to be conscious of his willfulness until he experiences the compulsively objectifying tendency in himself.” Não tem mais má-fé quem esqueceu a má-fé? “When this occurs, we have the beginnings of the moral crisis, the evolution of which will spell the dissolution and resolution of his anxiety-laden compulsive drives, with the concomitant emergence of the self in the doctor-patient relation.”
ROLLO MAY: Will, Decision and Responsibility: Summary remarks (in MAY, Existential Psychology. 1961)
Possível incompreensão da <coisa-toda>: “Now it was against precisely these trends [o freudismo exacerbado, o groddeckismo ou somatismo, não-sei-mais-que-fatalismos] that the existentialists like Kierkegaard and Nietzsche took their strongest, most vehement stand.” Primeiro que parece que figuras dos 1800 estão reagindo a figuras dos 1900… Segundo que NÃO É BEM ASSIM QUE A MELODIA TOCA para os EXISTENCIALISTAS, que aliás passam longe de estar em uníssono. Psicologia existencial? Hm, vejamos.
CALEIDOSCÓPIO SEM CRITÉRIO: “And it is in the light of modern man’s broken will that the existential emphases of Schopenhauer with his world as Will and idea, Bergson with his élan vital [e Cioran também!], William James with his <will to believe> are to be understood.”
“indeed, talking about sex is perhaps the easiest way of avoiding really making any decisions about love and sexual relatedness”
vontade decisão compulsão repetição
“We cannot work on the assumption that ultimately the patient <somehow happens> to make a decision, or slides¹ into a decision by ennui, default, or mutual fatigue² with the therapist, or acts from sensing that the therapist (now the benevolent parent) will approve of him if he does take such and such steps.” Oh well, but he really does… It is a necessity.
¹ Um ótimo termo, por sinal. DIMITRI & O ETERNO BILHETE DA QUEDA…
² Falando nisso, quem será que cansa primeiro de quem, o mundo de mim ou eu do mundo?
Você deve assumir a responsabilidade por não entender o conceito: “The word will, associated as it is with will power, is dubious to say the least and perhaps no longer helpful or even available.” “<Will power> expresses the arrogant efforts of Victorian man to manipulate nature and to rule nature with an iron hand (via industrialism and capitalism)”
“Victorian man sought, as Schachtel has put it, to deny that he ever had been a child, to repress his irrational tendencies and so-called infantile wishes as unacceptable to his concept of himself as a grown-up and responsible man.” “If I may speak epigrammatically, the more such an individual succeeds in developing his will-power, that is the more he becomes able to make up his mind, the less sure we are that he has any mind to make up. Woodrow Wilson once remarked speaking of this type of post-puritan man, <I take leave to believe that the man who sets out to develop his own character will develop only that which will make him intolerable to other men.> And we could add, intolerable to himself.”
“Despite the fact that the word decision lost much of its usefulness for those of us in New York when Billy Graham [pastorzão midiático] came to town, it nevertheless remains in many ways the most useful and viable term for the uniting of wish and will.”
“The process of therapy with individual patients involves bringing together these 3 dimensions of wish, will and decision. As the patient moves from one dimension to the next in his integration, the previous level is incorporated and remains present in the next. We shall now show more fully the meaning of our problem by describing practical therapy on 3 levels.”
CAREFUL WHAT YOU WISH: “The experiencing of infantile wishes, bodily needs and desires, sexuality and hunger and all the infinite and inexhaustible gamut of wishes which occur in any individual, seems to be a central part of practically all therapy from that of Rogers on one wing to the most classical Freudian on the other.”
“The second level in the relating of wish to will in therapy is the transmuting of awareness into self-consciousness. This level is correlated with the distinctive form of awareness in human beings, consciousness. (The term consciousness, coming etymologically from con plus scire, <knowing-with>, is used here as synonymous with self-consciousness.)”
“Thus the previous alternatives of repressing wishes because one cannot stand the lack of their gratification on one hand, or being compulsively pushed to the blind gratification of the wishes and desires on the other, are replaced by the experience of the fact that I myself am involved in these relationships of pleasure, love, beauty, trust and I hopefully then have the possibility of changing my own behavior to make these more possible.”
“The third level in the process of therapy is that of decision and responsibility. I use these 2 terms together to indicate that decision is not simply synonymous with will Responsibility involves being responsive, responding. As consciousness is the distinctively human form of awareness, so decision and responsibility are the distinctive forms of consciousness in the human being who is moving toward self-realization, integration, maturity.” “This sounds like an ethical statement, and is in the sense that ethics have their psychological base in these capacities of the human being to transcend the concrete situation of immediate self-oriented desire and to live in the dimensions of past and future and in terms of the welfare of the persons and groups upon which one’s own fulfillment intimately depends.”
“One cannot give over oneself to the dream; but not to be aware of what it is telling one is just the way to turn it into a compulsive drive. The decision hopefully will be made responsive to these inner tendencies as well as responsive to one’s conscious relationship to the other persons involved and the future welfare of one’s self and them.”
“Let us turn our attention for a brief caveat to the concepts of <ego> and what is called ego psychology, since it is often argued that the problems of will, decision and responsibility are encompassed in psychoanalytic ego psychology [redundância]. In the last few years, in response to contemporary man’s great need for autonomy and a sense of identity, considerable interest has swung to <ego psychology> in the psychoanalytic movement. But what has resulted has been the handing over to the ego of the functions of autonomy, sense of identity, synthesis of experience and other functions, more or less arbitrarily arrived at, which were suddenly discovered as functions the human being had to have. The result in the orthodox analytic movement is that many <egos> now appear.
Karl Menninger speaks of the <observing ego>, the <regressive ego>, the <reality ego>, the <healthy ego>, et cetera (1928). A Freudian colleague and friend of mine congratulated me after a speech in which I had attacked this concept of a horde of egos by remarking that I had a good <synthetic ego>! Some psychoanalysts now speak of <multiple egos in the same personality>, referring not to neurotic personalities but to the so-called normal ones. To my mind, <multiple egos> is a precise description of a neurotic personality.”
“If it is countered that this picture of the multitude of egos reflects the fragmentation of contemporary man, I would rejoin that any concept of fragmentation presupposes some unity of which it is a fragmentation. Rapaport writes an essay entitled The Autonomy of the Ego as part of the recent development we are referring to; Jung has a chapter in one of his books entitled The Autonomy of the Unconscious; and someone could write an essay, following Cannon’s Wisdom of the Body, entitled The Autonomy of the Body. Each would have a partial truth; but would not each be fundamentally wrong? For neither the <ego> nor the <unconscious> nor the body can be autonomous. Autonomy by its very nature can be located only in the centered self.” Claro, porque “centered self” é um conceito de quem fala (Rollo May)! Cada pescador puxa a sardinha para sua vara… Desculpe o humor freudiano…
“At this point our European colleagues would use some form of the term <being>, which unfortunately remains still almost unusable in English.”
SUGESTÕES DE LEITURA
BUBER, Daniel (1913).
STANLEY FRIEDMAN, Melville, Dostoevsky, Kafka and Our Image of Modern Man.
Seclusão Anagógica 